Histopathological changes and oxidative stress associated with Fascioliasis in bovines.

Fascioliasis, a prevalent disease in livestock globally, is primarily caused by the trematode parasites Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. This parasitic infection leads to significant economic repercussions. In this study, our objective was to gain insight into the pathophysiological consequences of Fascioliasis in cattle through the evaluation of metabolic, oxidative stress, and histological parameters. A thorough investigation was carried out on the liver of 197 bovines after their slaughter, which unveiled the occurrence of Fascioliasis, with a prevalence rate of 13.2% observed. The bovine that were infected exhibited notable increase in serum transaminases (ALT, AST, and ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) while the decrease in glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The lipid profile analysis of infected cattle revealed alterations in the cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Moreover, the histopathological examination revealed a range of hepatic lesions associated with Fascioliasis, including necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferative alterations. The bile ducts also displayed distinct pathological changes, including hyperplasia, thickening, and edema, and harbored various developmental stages of Fasciola spp. highlighting the parasitic infestation's effects on the biliary system. These results highlight the serious effects of Fascioliasis on lipid metabolism and the oxidative damage that is induced in the livers of cattle. Thus, Fasciola infestation in bovine causes alteration in biochemical and antioxidant activities, which are considered as important factors in the diagnosis of Fascioliasis.

Pathological Findings and Oxidative Stress Status Associated with Hydatidosis in Dromedary Camels.

(1) Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic helminth disease that causes severe economic losses. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and viability of cystic echinococcosis in examined camels. In addition, assessing the histological, morphological, oxidative, and antioxidant state related to the cystic echinococcosis infection; (2) Methods: The study was performed on 152 slaughtered dromedary camels between March and September 2022 at El-Basatin abattoir in Cairo Governorate, Egypt; (3) Results: The results revealed that the prevalence of hydatidosis was 21.7% in slaughtered camel and the highest infection rate observed in lungs was 87.87%, while it was 9% in livers. Camels' liver infections were rare, whereas their lung infections were more common. By comparing to non-infected camels, the level of MAD was significantly increased with hydatid cysts infection, while the level of GSH, SOD and CAT was significantly decreased. Histopathological section of camel cyst revealed layered membranes surrounded by a zone of cellular infiltration and an outermost fibrous tissue reaction. In addition, there was evidence of atelectasis, emphysema, hemorrhage, congestion, and fibrosis in the surrounding tissues. Nonetheless, the degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and other pathological alterations in liver cyst sections were remarkably comparable to those seen in the lungs. Furthermore, calcification was detected.